STIM1(基质相互作用分子1,Stromal Interaction Molecule 1)是一种位于内质网膜上的钙离子感受蛋白,属于STIM基因家族(包括STIM1和STIM2)。该家族成员共同特点是含有EF-hand结构域(一种钙离子结合模体)和SAM结构域(介导蛋白质相互作用),主要功能是感知内质网中钙离子浓度变化并激活细胞膜上的钙通道(如ORAI1),从而调控钙库操纵性钙内流(SOCE,Store-Operated Calcium Entry)——这是细胞维持钙平衡的核心机制。STIM1在内质网钙库排空时发生寡聚化并迁移至内质网-质膜交界处,通过激活ORAI1通道引发钙离子内流。其表达产物在免疫细胞活化、肌肉收缩、神经信号传递等生理过程中起关键作用。STIM1突变会导致功能异常,如丧失钙感知能力或持续激活ORAI1通道。与疾病的关系包括:功能缺失突变引起免疫缺陷(如严重联合免疫缺陷SCID),而功能获得性突变则与肌病、血栓形成和某些癌症相关。过表达STIM1会增强SOCE,导致病理性的钙超载,促进肿瘤转移、血管平滑肌增殖(加剧动脉粥样硬化)或神经退行性病变;反之,表达降低会削弱免疫应答、血小板活化和骨骼肌功能。STIM家族成员中,STIM1对钙敏感性更高但响应较慢,而STIM2基础活性更强,两者协同维持钙稳态。该基因还参与调控NFAT(活化T细胞核因子)等转录因子的活性,进而影响细胞增殖、分化和炎症反应。在肿瘤微环境中,STIM1过表达可通过钙信号促进上皮-间质转化(EMT),加速癌细胞侵袭。
This gene encodes a type 1 transmembrane protein that mediates Ca2+ influx after depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores by gating of store-operated Ca2+ influx channels (SOCs). It is one of several genes located in the imprinted gene domain of 11p15.5, an important tumor-suppressor gene region. Alterations in this region have been associated with the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, adrenocrotical carcinoma, and lung, ovarian, and breast cancer. This gene may play a role in malignancies and disease that involve this region, as well as early hematopoiesis, by mediating attachment to stromal cells. Mutations in this gene are associated with fatal classic Kaposi sarcoma, immunodeficiency due to defects in store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in fibroblasts, ectodermal dysplasia and tubular aggregate myopathy. This gene is oriented in a head-to-tail configuration with the ribonucleotide reductase 1 gene (RRM1), with the 3' end of this gene situated 1.6 kb from the 5' end of the RRM1 gene. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]
此基因编码由库操纵性Ca 2+内流道(SOC的)的门控细胞内钙离子储备耗竭之后介导Ca 2+内流1型跨膜蛋白。这是位于11p15.5的印记基因领域,一个重要的肿瘤抑制基因区域几个基因中的一个。在这一区域的改变已与贝克威思-威德曼综合征,肾母细胞瘤,横纹肌肉瘤,adrenocrotical癌和肺癌,卵巢癌和乳腺癌有关。该基因可能参与涉及该区域,以及早期造血,通过介导附着到基质细胞恶性肿瘤和疾病的作用。在这种基因突变与致命经典卡波西肉瘤,免疫缺陷,由于在成纤维细胞库操纵性钙条目(SOCE),外胚层发育不良和管状聚合肌病缺陷相关联。该基因被定向在一个头 - 尾构型的核苷酸还原酶1基因(RRM1??),与RRM1基因的末端的3‘该基因位于距5 1.6kb的结束“。这个基因的选择性剪接的结果在多个转录变体。 [由RefSeq的,2013年5月提供]
STIM1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
STIM1基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4020 Calcium signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04020] |
4611 Platelet activation [PATH:hsa04611] |
名称 |
---|
Adaptive Immune System |
Antigen activates B Cell Receptor (BCR) leading to generation of second messengers |
Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels |
Hemostasis |
Platelet calcium homeostasis |
Platelet homeostasis |
Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR) |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Immune dysfunction with T-cell inactivation due to calcium entry defect 2 | 0.480542884 | 3 | 3 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
Stormorken Syndrome | 0.360814326 | 4 | 2 | BeFree_CLINVAR_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
Tubular Aggregate Myopathy | 0.241357209 | 5 | 6 | BeFree_CLINVAR_ORPHANET |
Hypertensive disease | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
MYOPATHY, TUBULAR AGGREGATE, 1 | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | UNIPROT |
Juvenile arthritis | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Neoplasm Metastasis | 0.005167327 | 9 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Breast Carcinoma | 0.004885954 | 18 | 1 | BeFree |
Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.004614512 | 17 | 1 | BeFree |
Asthma | 0.002638474 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
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