ST6GAL1(全称ST6 β-半乳糖苷α-2,6-唾液酸转移酶1,ST6 beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1)是一种编码唾液酸转移酶的基因,属于ST6GAL基因家族。该家族成员负责催化α-2,6-唾液酸化修饰,即在糖蛋白或糖脂的末端半乳糖残基上添加唾液酸(一种带负电荷的九碳糖),这种修饰对细胞表面分子的功能至关重要。ST6GAL1主要在肝脏、胎盘和免疫系统中高表达,其表达产物定位于高尔基体,通过修饰免疫球蛋白(如IgG)、整合素和受体等糖蛋白,参与细胞间识别、信号传导和免疫调节。例如,ST6GAL1介导的IgG唾液酸化可抑制炎症反应,而整合素的唾液酸化则影响细胞迁移和肿瘤转移。ST6GAL1功能异常与多种疾病相关:其过表达通过增强生长因子受体(如EGFR)的稳定性促进肿瘤进展,尤其在结肠癌和卵巢癌中显著;低表达可能导致免疫失调或神经退行性疾病(如阿尔茨海默病),因唾液酸化不足会影响β-淀粉样蛋白清除。基因突变可能削弱酶活性,导致糖基化缺陷,引发先天性糖基化障碍(CDG)。在基因家族层面,ST6GAL家族(含ST6GAL1和ST6GAL2)均具有保守的唾液酸转移酶结构域,但组织分布不同,ST6GAL2更多见于大脑。过表达ST6GAL1会增强细胞粘附因子功能,促进转移,同时抑制NK细胞对肿瘤的杀伤;低表达则可能减少抗炎性IgG生成,加剧自身免疫疾病风险。该基因的调控具有病理和治疗双重意义,例如靶向其表达可改善癌症免疫疗法效果。
This gene encodes a member of glycosyltransferase family 29. The encoded protein is a type II membrane protein that catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-sialic acid to galactose-containing substrates. The protein, which is normally found in the Golgi but can be proteolytically processed to a soluble form, is involved in the generation of the cell-surface carbohydrate determinants and differentiation antigens HB-6, CD75, and CD76. This gene has been incorrectly referred to as CD75. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2009]
这个基因编码糖基转移酶家族29.编码的蛋白质的成员是催化唾液酸从CMP-唾液酸转移到含有半乳糖的基材的II型膜蛋白。该蛋白质,其通常在高尔基体中发现,但可以蛋白水解加工为溶解形式的,参与了细胞表面碳水化合物决定簇和分化抗原的HB-6,CD75,和CD76的产生。该基因已被不正确地称为CD75。编码两种不同的同种型三转录变体已有描述。 [由RefSeq的,2009年08月提供]
ST6GAL1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
ST6GAL1基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
510 N-Glycan biosynthesis [PATH:hsa00510] |
514 Other types of O-glycan biosynthesis [PATH:hsa00514] |
名称 |
---|
Asparagine N-linked glycosylation |
Biosynthesis of the N-glycan precursor (dolichol lipid-linked oligosaccharide, LLO) and transfer to a nascent protein |
Metabolism of proteins |
N-Glycan antennae elongation |
N-glycan antennae elongation in the medial/trans-Golgi |
O-linked glycosylation |
O-linked glycosylation of mucins |
Post-translational protein modification |
Sialic acid metabolism |
Synthesis of substrates in N-glycan biosythesis |
Termination of O-glycan biosynthesis |
Transport to the Golgi and subsequent modification |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent | 0.242367032 | 1 | 1 | CTD_human_GAD_GWASCAT |
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Drug-Induced Liver Injury | 0.12 | 1 | 1 | GWASCAT |
Malignant neoplasm of esophagus | 0.12 | 1 | 1 | GWASCAT |
Glioma | 0.080542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_RGD |
Squamous cell carcinoma | 0.003538676 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
IGA Glomerulonephritis | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Colorectal Neoplasms | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Adenocarcinoma | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Tobacco Use Disorder | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
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