SLC29A1(溶质载体家族29成员1,英文全称Solute Carrier Family 29 Member 1)属于SLC29基因家族,该家族主要编码核苷转运蛋白(ENTs,Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporters),负责调控核苷(如腺苷、鸟苷等)及其类似物的跨膜转运。SLC29A1编码的蛋白称为ENT1(平衡型核苷转运蛋白1),是一种双向转运蛋白,依赖浓度梯度被动运输核苷,广泛分布于红细胞、血脑屏障、心脏、肝脏等组织,尤其在维持细胞内核苷酸库平衡和细胞信号传导(如腺苷介导的神经保护或血管舒张)中起关键作用。其生物学功能包括参与嘌呤代谢、药物转运(如抗癌药吉西他滨的细胞内摄取)及调控腺苷受体信号通路。SLC29A1突变可能导致转运活性丧失或降低,引发疾病如遗传性高铁血红蛋白血症(因腺苷代谢异常),或影响化疗药物疗效(如吉西他滨耐药)。该基因与心血管疾病(缺血再灌注损伤中腺苷的细胞保护作用)、神经系统疾病(如癫痫和神经炎症)及癌症(通过调节核苷类似物摄入影响化疗敏感性)密切相关。过表达SLC29A1可能增强核苷酸补救合成途径,促进细胞增殖(尤其在肿瘤中),或加剧腺苷介导的免疫抑制;而表达降低则可能导致核苷酸缺乏、DNA修复障碍,或降低化疗药物有效性。SLC29基因家族共性为编码平衡型核苷转运蛋白(不耗能),成员如ENT1-4均含11个跨膜结构域,但组织分布和底物偏好性不同。专业术语解释:核苷(nucleoside)是核酸的基本组成单位,由碱基和糖组成;浓度梯度指物质从高浓度向低浓度扩散的驱动力;嘌呤代谢涉及DNA/RNA合成与分解的关键生化过程。
This gene is a member of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter family. The gene encodes a transmembrane glycoprotein that localizes to the plasma and mitochondrial membranes and mediates the cellular uptake of nucleosides from the surrounding medium. The protein is categorized as an equilibrative (as opposed to concentrative) transporter that is sensitive to inhibition by nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR). Nucleoside transporters are required for nucleotide synthesis in cells that lack de novo nucleoside synthesis pathways, and are also necessary for the uptake of cytotoxic nucleosides used for cancer and viral chemotherapies. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
此基因是平衡型核苷转运蛋白家族的一个成员。该基因编码一种跨膜糖蛋白,定位于血浆和线粒体膜,并介导从周围介质核苷的细胞摄取。该蛋白质归类为平衡型(而不是集中)转运是由nitrobenzylthioinosine(NBMPR)抑制敏感。核苷转运所必需的核苷酸合成在缺乏从头核苷合成途径,并且也需要用于癌症和病毒化疗细胞毒性核苷的摄取的细胞。多个可变剪接变体,编码相同的蛋白质,已发现这种基因。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
SLC29A1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
SLC29A1基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
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5034 Alcoholism [PATH:hsa05034] |
名称 |
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SLC-mediated transmembrane transport |
Transmembrane transport of small molecules |
Transport of nucleosides and free purine and pyrimidine bases across the plasma membrane |
Transport of vitamins, nucleosides, and related molecules |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Pancreatic Neoplasm | 0.122367032 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures | 0.120271442 | 1 | 1 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Alcoholic Intoxication, Chronic | 0.080271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_MGD |
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Brain Ischemia | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Malignant lymphoma, lymphocytic, intermediate differentiation, diffuse | 0.005720142 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Malignant neoplasm of pancreas | 0.003995683 | 7 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Gestational Diabetes | 0.003810118 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Hepatitis C | 0.002909916 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Hepatitis C, Chronic | 0.002909916 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
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