PPM1D(Protein Phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+ Dependent 1D)是一种丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白磷酸酶,属于PPM家族(也称为PP2C家族)的成员。PPM1D的主要功能是通过去磷酸化作用调控多种信号通路,尤其是参与DNA损伤应答和细胞周期调控。它能够负调控p53信号通路,通过去磷酸化并抑制p53及其上游激酶ATM、ATR和CHK1/2的活性,从而在DNA损伤修复过程中发挥重要作用。PPM1D通常在细胞应激条件下被激活,帮助细胞应对基因毒性压力。PPM1D的突变或异常表达与多种癌症相关,例如乳腺癌、卵巢癌和神经胶质瘤。功能获得性突变(如截短突变)会导致PPM1D过度活跃,抑制p53介导的细胞凋亡,促进肿瘤发生。相反,PPM1D表达降低可能增强p53活性,导致细胞周期停滞或凋亡增加。PPM1D过表达还可能影响其他基因或通路,如NF-κB和WNT信号通路,进一步影响细胞增殖和存活。PPM1D属于PPM/PP2C基因家族,该家族成员依赖Mg2+或Mn2+作为辅助因子,主要参与去磷酸化反应,调控细胞应激响应、代谢和生长。PPM家族蛋白通常具有保守的催化结构域,但各成员在底物特异性和功能上存在差异。PPM1D因其在癌症中的重要作用,成为潜在的治疗靶点,抑制其活性可能有助于恢复p53功能并抑制肿瘤生长。
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the PP2C family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases. PP2C family members are known to be negative regulators of cell stress response pathways. The expression of this gene is induced in a p53-dependent manner in response to various environmental stresses. While being induced by tumor suppressor protein TP53/p53, this phosphatase negatively regulates the activity of p38 MAP kinase, MAPK/p38, through which it reduces the phosphorylation of p53, and in turn suppresses p53-mediated transcription and apoptosis. This phosphatase thus mediates a feedback regulation of p38-p53 signaling that contributes to growth inhibition and the suppression of stress induced apoptosis. This gene is located in a chromosomal region known to be amplified in breast cancer. The amplification of this gene has been detected in both breast cancer cell line and primary breast tumors, which suggests a role of this gene in cancer development. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
由该基因编码的蛋白质是PP2C家族丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白磷酸酶的成员。 PP2C家族成员已知是细胞应激反应途径的负调节剂。该基因的表达是在p53依赖性方式响应于各种环境胁迫诱导。同时被诱导肿瘤抑制蛋白TP53 / p53基因,这种磷酸酶负调节的p38 MAP激酶,MAPK / p38的,通过它降低p53的磷酸化的活性,进而抑制p53介导的转录和细胞凋亡。因此,这种磷酸酶介导,有助于生长抑制和应激诱导细胞凋亡的抑制P38-p53信号的反馈调节。该基因位于已知在乳腺癌待扩增的染色体区域。该基因的扩增已经在两种乳腺癌细胞系和原发性乳腺肿瘤,这表明该基因在癌症发展中的作用被检测。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
PPM1D基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
PPM1D基因的本体(GO)信息:
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Mammary Neoplasms | 0.131983168 | 8 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Glioma | 0.120814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Brain Stem Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Breast Carcinoma | 0.004614512 | 17 | 0 | BeFree |
Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.004614512 | 17 | 0 | BeFree |
Medulloblastoma | 0.00408156 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Stomach Neoplasms | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Carcinogenesis | 0.002714419 | 10 | 0 | BeFree |
Ovarian Carcinoma | 0.002442977 | 9 | 0 | BeFree |
Malignant neoplasm of ovary | 0.002442977 | 9 | 0 | BeFree |
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