MDM2(Mouse Double Minute 2)是一个重要的癌基因,属于MDM基因家族,该家族还包括MDM4等成员,主要功能是调控细胞周期和凋亡。MDM2基因编码的蛋白质是一种E3泛素连接酶,其最著名的功能是通过与肿瘤抑制蛋白p53结合来负调控p53的稳定性与活性。MDM2通过泛素化标记p53,促使其被蛋白酶体降解,从而抑制p53介导的细胞周期阻滞、DNA修复或凋亡。这一机制在正常细胞中帮助维持p53的低水平,但在癌症中MDM2的过表达会导致p53功能丧失,促进肿瘤发展。MDM2的作用位点主要集中在细胞核内,通过与p53的N端结构域结合发挥作用。MDM2基因的突变或扩增常见于多种癌症(如肉瘤、乳腺癌和胶质瘤),导致其过表达并抑制p53的抑癌功能。相反,MDM2表达降低可能增强p53活性,但过度激活p53也可能引发细胞凋亡或衰老。此外,MDM2还通过非p53依赖途径影响其他蛋白(如RB和FOXO)的稳定性,参与细胞增殖和应激反应调控。MDM2基因家族成员的共性是含有保守的环指结构域(负责泛素连接酶活性)和p53结合域,共同参与细胞稳态的精细调控。在治疗上,靶向MDM2的小分子抑制剂(如Nutlin-3)被开发用于恢复p53功能,但其应用需考虑p53突变状态以避免副作用。
This gene encodes a nuclear-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase. The encoded protein can promote tumor formation by targeting tumor suppressor proteins, such as p53, for proteasomal degradation. This gene is itself transcriptionally-regulated by p53. Overexpression or amplification of this locus is detected in a variety of different cancers. There is a pseudogene for this gene on chromosome 2. Alternative splicing results in a multitude of transcript variants, many of which may be expressed only in tumor cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013]
该基因编码一个核本地化的E3泛素连接酶。所编码的蛋白质可通过靶向肿瘤抑制蛋白,如p53,对蛋白酶体降解促进肿瘤的形成。该基因是由p53基因本身转录上调。过表达或该基因座的扩增在各种不同的癌症的检测。有这个基因在染色体2.选择性剪接的结果在转录变异体,其中有许多可能只在肿瘤细胞中表达的大量假基因。 [由RefSeq的,2013年6月提供]
MDM2基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
MDM2基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4120 Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis [PATH:hsa04120] |
4068 FoxO signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04068] |
4151 PI3K-Akt signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04151] |
4144 Endocytosis [PATH:hsa04144] |
4110 Cell cycle [PATH:hsa04110] |
4115 p53 signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04115] |
4919 Thyroid hormone signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04919] |
5200 Pathways in cancer [PATH:hsa05200] |
5202 Transcriptional misregulation in cancers [PATH:hsa05202] |
5206 MicroRNAs in cancer [PATH:hsa05206] |
5205 Proteoglycans in cancer [PATH:hsa05205] |
5203 Viral carcinogenesis [PATH:hsa05203] |
5214 Glioma [PATH:hsa05214] |
5220 Chronic myeloid leukemia [PATH:hsa05220] |
5218 Melanoma [PATH:hsa05218] |
5219 Bladder cancer [PATH:hsa05219] |
5215 Prostate cancer [PATH:hsa05215] |
5169 Epstein-Barr virus infection [PATH:hsa05169] |
名称 |
---|
Adaptive Immune System |
AKT phosphorylates targets in the cytosol |
Cell Cycle |
Cell Cycle Checkpoints |
Cellular responses to stress |
Cellular Senescence |
Constitutive Signaling by AKT1 E17K in Cancer |
DAP12 interactions |
DAP12 signaling |
Disease |
Diseases of signal transduction |
Downstream signal transduction |
Downstream signaling events of B Cell Receptor (BCR) |
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR1 |
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR2 |
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR3 |
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR4 |
Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling |
G1/S DNA Damage Checkpoints |
GAB1 signalosome |
Glutamate Binding, Activation of AMPA Receptors and Synaptic Plasticity |
Immune System |
Innate Immune System |
Neuronal System |
Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding And Downstream Transmission In The Postsynaptic Cell |
NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane |
Oncogene Induced Senescence |
Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence |
p53-Dependent G1 DNA Damage Response |
p53-Dependent G1/S DNA damage checkpoint |
PI-3K cascade:FGFR1 |
PI-3K cascade:FGFR2 |
PI-3K cascade:FGFR3 |
PI-3K cascade:FGFR4 |
PI3K events in ERBB2 signaling |
PI3K events in ERBB4 signaling |
PI3K/AKT activation |
PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer |
PIP3 activates AKT signaling |
Role of LAT2/NTAL/LAB on calcium mobilization |
Signal Transduction |
Signaling by EGFR |
Signaling by ERBB2 |
Signaling by ERBB4 |
Signaling by FGFR |
Signaling by FGFR1 |
Signaling by FGFR2 |
Signaling by FGFR3 |
Signaling by FGFR4 |
Signaling by PDGF |
Signaling by SCF-KIT |
Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR) |
Signalling by NGF |
Stabilization of p53 |
Trafficking of AMPA receptors |
Transmission across Chemical Synapses |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Mammary Neoplasms | 0.247956418 | 24 | 2 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_RGD |
Li-Fraumeni Syndrome | 0.133897074 | 15 | 2 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN_ORPHANET |
melanoma | 0.13198705 | 19 | 3 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
Prostatic Neoplasms | 0.128001298 | 6 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
Liposarcoma, Dedifferentiated | 0.127600372 | 28 | 0 | BeFree_ORPHANET |
Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 0.126514605 | 25 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Liposarcoma, well differentiated | 0.125157396 | 19 | 0 | BeFree_ORPHANET |
Neoplastic Cell Transformation | 0.122367032 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
HIV Infections | 0.120814326 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Precancerous Conditions | 0.120542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
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