KLK2(激肽释放酶相关肽酶2)属于激肽释放酶基因家族(KLK家族),该家族由15个丝氨酸蛋白酶基因组成,主要参与激素调节、皮肤屏障功能、炎症反应和精液液化等生理过程。KLK2基因位于19号染色体上,主要在男性前列腺中高表达,其编码的蛋白是一种类胰蛋白酶,能够切割精液中的精液凝固蛋白(如精囊蛋白),促进精液液化,从而帮助精子运动。KLK2的活性受雄激素调控,在前列腺癌中常与KLK3(PSA)共同作为肿瘤标志物。KLK2的突变可能导致其酶活性异常,影响精液液化功能,进而降低男性生育能力。此外,KLK2的过表达与前列腺癌的进展和转移密切相关,可能通过激活蛋白酶激活受体(PARs)或降解细胞外基质促进肿瘤侵袭。相反,KLK2表达降低可能影响正常的精液功能,但对机体的其他影响尚不明确。KLK家族成员的共性包括:均由多个外显子编码,具有高度保守的催化三联体结构(组氨酸、天冬氨酸和丝氨酸),多数成员受激素(如雄激素、雌激素)调控,并参与细胞信号传导、组织重塑和炎症反应等过程。研究还发现KLK2与KLK3在前列腺癌诊断中具有协同作用,联合检测可提高诊断准确性。
This gene encodes a member of the grandular kallikrein protein family. Kallikreins are a subgroup of serine proteases that are clustered on chromosome 19. Members of this family are involved in a diverse array of biological functions. The protein encoded by this gene is a highly active trypsin-like serine protease that selectively cleaves at arginine residues. This protein is primarily expressed in prostatic tissue and is responsible for cleaving pro-prostate-specific antigen into its enzymatically active form. This gene is highly expressed in prostate tumor cells and may be a prognostic maker for prostate cancer risk. Alternate splicing results in both coding and non-coding transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]
该基因编码的grandular激肽释放酶蛋白家族的一个成员。激肽释放酶是丝氨酸蛋白酶的亚组正在对19号染色体这个家庭的成员参与的生物功能的多样化集群。由该基因编码的蛋白质是一种高活性胰蛋白酶样丝氨酸蛋白酶,其选择性地裂解在精氨酸残基。此蛋白质在前列腺组织主要表达并负责裂解亲前列腺特异性抗原成其酶促活性形式。此基因在前列腺肿瘤细胞中高表达,并可能是前列腺癌的风险的预后壶。选择性剪接的结果在编码和非编码转录本变体。 [由RefSeq的,2012年1月提供]
KLK2基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
KLK2基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
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4961 Endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption [PATH:hsa04961] |
名称 |
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Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated genes KLK2 and KLK3 |
Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases |
Degradation of the extracellular matrix |
Extracellular matrix organization |
Metabolism of proteins |
Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) |
RHO GTPase Effectors |
RHO GTPases activate PKNs |
Signal Transduction |
Signaling by Rho GTPases |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Prostatic Neoplasms | 0.138713133 | 8 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
Malignant neoplasm of prostate | 0.030456367 | 28 | 4 | BeFree_GAD |
Prostate carcinoma | 0.007600372 | 28 | 4 | BeFree |
Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.003452799 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Mammary Neoplasms | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
Hypertensive disease | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
Breast Carcinoma | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
Localized Malignant Neoplasm | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
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