HMGA1(High Mobility Group AT-hook 1)是一种非组蛋白染色质结合蛋白,属于高迁移率族蛋白(HMGA)家族。该家族包括HMGA1和HMGA2,其共同特点是含有AT-hook结构域,能够结合富含AT碱基对的DNA小沟,从而调节染色质结构和基因表达。HMGA1本身不直接激活或抑制转录,而是通过改变DNA构象或与其他转录因子相互作用来调控基因表达。它在胚胎发育、细胞增殖、分化和DNA修复等过程中发挥重要作用。HMGA1的表达通常在胚胎组织中较高,而在大多数成年组织中表达水平较低。然而,在许多癌症类型中,HMGA1的表达会异常升高,这与肿瘤的发生、侵袭和转移密切相关。HMGA1的过表达可以促进上皮-间质转化(EMT),这是癌症转移的关键步骤。此外,HMGA1还能调节多种癌基因和抑癌基因的表达,如p53、RB和let-7 microRNA家族。HMGA1的突变相对罕见,但其表达水平的改变与多种疾病相关。除了癌症,HMGA1的表达异常还与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病有关。在2型糖尿病中,HMGA1的表达降低可能导致胰岛素受体基因的表达下降,从而影响胰岛素信号通路。降低HMGA1的表达可以通过RNA干扰或基因敲除来实现,这通常会导致细胞增殖减少、凋亡增加和肿瘤生长抑制。相反,HMGA1的过表达会促进细胞转化和肿瘤进展。由于其在癌症中的重要作用,HMGA1被认为是潜在的癌症治疗靶点。针对HMGA1的小分子抑制剂或基因治疗方法正在研究中,可能为癌症治疗提供新的策略。
This gene encodes a non-histone protein involved in many cellular processes, including regulation of inducible gene transcription, integration of retroviruses into chromosomes, and the metastatic progression of cancer cells. The encoded protein preferentially binds to the minor groove of A+T-rich regions in double-stranded DNA. It has little secondary structure in solution but assumes distinct conformations when bound to substrates such as DNA or other proteins. The encoded protein is frequently acetylated and is found in the nucleus. At least seven transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
该基因编码参与许多细胞过程,包括诱导基因转录的调节,集成逆转录病毒进入染色体,和癌细胞的转移进展的非组蛋白。所编码的蛋白质优先结合至A + T丰富的区域中的双链DNA的小沟。它具有在溶液中??的小的二级结构,但是当结合到基材如DNA或其他蛋白质假定不同的构象。所编码的蛋白质被频繁乙酰并且在细胞核中被发现。至少有七个转录变异体的编码两个不同的亚型已经发现了这种基因。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
HMGA1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
HMGA1基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
2-LTR circle formation |
APOBEC3G mediated resistance to HIV-1 infection |
Autointegration results in viral DNA circles |
Cellular responses to stress |
Cellular Senescence |
Disease |
DNA Damage/Telomere Stress Induced Senescence |
Early Phase of HIV Life Cycle |
Formation of Senescence-Associated Heterochromatin Foci (SAHF) |
HIV Infection |
HIV Life Cycle |
Host Interactions of HIV factors |
Infectious disease |
Integration of provirus |
Integration of viral DNA into host genomic DNA |
Interactions of Vpr with host cellular proteins |
Vpr-mediated nuclear import of PICs |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent | 0.324267125 | 7 | 1 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_GAD_MGD |
Metabolic Syndrome X | 0.120271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
leiomyosarcoma | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Insulin Resistance | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Uterine Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Hyperglycemia | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Mammary Neoplasms | 0.008715934 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Adenocarcinoma | 0.006534468 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Neoplasm Metastasis | 0.005438769 | 11 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Breast Carcinoma | 0.004071628 | 15 | 0 | BeFree |
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