GSTM3(谷胱甘肽S-转移酶Mu3)属于谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)基因家族中的Mu亚家族(GSTM),该家族成员在解毒代谢中起关键作用。GST家族是一组多功能酶,主要催化谷胱甘肽(GSH)与亲电子化合物(如致癌物、药物和氧化应激产物)的结合反应,促进其水溶性以便排出体外,从而保护细胞免受损伤。GSTM3基因位于人类染色体1p13.3,编码的蛋白在肝脏、肾脏、肺和脑等多种组织中表达。GSTM3与其他GSTM成员(如GSTM1、GSTM2等)具有高度相似的蛋白结构,均包含谷胱甘肽结合位点和疏水底物结合位点,但其组织分布和底物特异性存在差异。GSTM3的独特之处在于其选择性剪接变体,可能影响酶活性或亚细胞定位。GSTM3基因的多态性(如启动子区或外显子突变)可能导致酶活性改变,影响个体对毒素、致癌物或药物的代谢能力。例如,某些GSTM3变异与肺癌、膀胱癌和阿尔茨海默病等疾病的风险相关,因其解毒功能受损可能导致有害物质积累或氧化应激加剧。GSTM3表达降低可能削弱细胞解毒能力,增加DNA损伤和突变风险;而过表达可能增强对某些化疗药物(如顺铂)的耐药性,因药物被过快代谢。此外,GSTM3还参与调控炎症反应和细胞凋亡通路,其表达异常可能影响相关信号传导。GSTM家族成员常因基因缺失(如GSTM1-null)或突变导致表型多样性,在人群中毒物敏感性差异中起重要作用。研究GSTM3有助于理解个体化医疗中的药物反应差异及环境相关疾病的易感性机制。
Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-transferase that belongs to the mu class. The mu class of enzymes functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding the mu class of enzymes are organized in a gene cluster on chromosome 1p13.3 and are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of certain drugs. Mutations of this class mu gene have been linked with a slight increase in a number of cancers, likely due to exposure with environmental toxins. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2008]
胞浆和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的膜结合形式是通过两个不同的表生家族编码。目前,可溶性胞质哺乳动物谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的八个不同类别已经确定:α,KAPPA,亩,欧米茄,PI,西格玛,theta和泽塔。这个基因编码谷胱甘肽S-转移酶属于该亩类。穆类的酶的功能在电子化合物,其中包括致癌物质,治疗药物,环境毒素和氧化应激的产品,通过与谷胱甘肽结合的解毒作用。编码亩类酶的基因在上1p13.3染色体基因簇组织并已知是高度多态性。这些遗传变异可改变个体的易感性致癌物和毒素以及影响某些药物的毒性和疗效。这个类亩基因的突变已与许多癌症的稍有增加的联系,有可能是由于暴露与环境毒素。选择性剪接结果在多个抄本变形。 [由RefSeq的,2008年11月提供]
GSTM3基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
GSTM3基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
480 Glutathione metabolism [PATH:hsa00480] |
980 Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 [PATH:hsa00980] |
982 Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 [PATH:hsa00982] |
5204 Chemical carcinogenesis [PATH:hsa05204] |
名称 |
---|
Biological oxidations |
Glutathione conjugation |
Metabolism |
Phase II conjugation |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Prostatic Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Drug-Induced Liver Injury | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Chloracne | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Colorectal Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Colorectal Cancer | 0.017383549 | 8 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Malignant neoplasm of lung | 0.015830843 | 11 | 6 | BeFree_GAD |
Esophageal Neoplasms | 0.010011012 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Mouth Neoplasms | 0.009825446 | 4 | 0 | GAD_LHGDN |
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin | 0.00973957 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Head and Neck Neoplasms | 0.009468128 | 4 | 0 | GAD |
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