AXIN2(轴抑制蛋白2)是一种关键的肿瘤抑制基因,属于Wnt信号通路的重要负调控因子,与AXIN1同属于AXIN基因家族。AXIN家族蛋白的共同特点是作为支架蛋白,参与调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,通过促进β-catenin的降解来抑制该通路的过度激活。AXIN2在胚胎发育、组织稳态和细胞增殖中发挥重要作用,尤其在肠道干细胞维持和骨形成过程中表现突出。AXIN2的主要作用位点是在细胞质中,它与APC、GSK-3β和β-catenin形成破坏复合物,促进β-catenin的磷酸化和降解,从而防止其进入细胞核激活靶基因转录。AXIN2突变(如错义突变或截短突变)会导致其功能丧失,造成Wnt信号通路持续激活,这与多种癌症(如结直肠癌、肝细胞癌)和发育性疾病(如牙齿发育不全)密切相关。AXIN2过表达会过度抑制Wnt信号通路,影响细胞增殖和组织再生,而AXIN2表达降低则可能导致Wnt通路过度活跃,促进肿瘤发生。此外,AXIN2还参与DNA损伤修复和维持基因组稳定性,其表达受Wnt信号通路的负反馈调节。在遗传性疾病方面,AXIN2突变与少牙畸形(oligodontia)和结直肠癌易感性增加有关。研究表明,AXIN2表达水平变化会影响其他Wnt通路相关基因(如CTNNB1、TCF7L2)的表达和活性,进而影响细胞命运决定和组织再生能力。
The Axin-related protein, Axin2, presumably plays an important role in the regulation of the stability of beta-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, like its rodent homologs, mouse conductin/rat axil. In mouse, conductin organizes a multiprotein complex of APC (adenomatous polyposis of the colon), beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta, and conductin, which leads to the degradation of beta-catenin. Apparently, the deregulation of beta-catenin is an important event in the genesis of a number of malignancies. The AXIN2 gene has been mapped to 17q23-q24, a region that shows frequent loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, and other tumors. Mutations in this gene have been associated with colorectal cancer with defective mismatch repair. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
的阿信相关蛋白的Axin2,想必起着β-连环蛋白在Wnt信号通路的稳定性有重要的作用,就像它的啮齿动物同源,鼠标conductin /大鼠腋。在小鼠,conductin组织的APC的多蛋白复合物(结肠腺瘤性息肉病),β-连环蛋白,糖原合酶激酶-3-β,和conductin,这导致β-连环蛋白的降解。显然,β-连环蛋白的失调是在许多恶性肿瘤的发生的重要事件。该AXIN2基因已被定位于17q23-Q24,即示出了在乳腺癌,神经母细胞瘤,和其它肿瘤杂频繁损失的区域。在这个基因的突变已与有缺陷的错配修复结肠直肠癌有关。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
AXIN2基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
AXIN2基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4310 Wnt signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04310] |
4390 Hippo signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04390] |
4550 Signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells [PATH:hsa04550] |
5200 Pathways in cancer [PATH:hsa05200] |
5210 Colorectal cancer [PATH:hsa05210] |
5217 Basal cell carcinoma [PATH:hsa05217] |
5213 Endometrial cancer [PATH:hsa05213] |
名称 |
---|
beta-catenin independent WNT signaling |
binding of TCF/LEF:CTNNB1 to target gene promoters |
Ca2+ pathway |
degradation of AXIN |
Degradation of beta-catenin by the destruction complex |
formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex |
repression of WNT target genes |
Signal Transduction |
Signaling by Wnt |
TCF dependent signaling in response to WNT |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Oligodontia-Colorectal Cancer Syndrome | 0.360271442 | 1 | 2 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_ORPHANET |
Colorectal Neoplasms | 0.128173051 | 3 | 0 | CTD_human_LHGDN |
Colonic Neoplasms | 0.123538676 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Colon Carcinoma | 0.121900093 | 7 | 2 | BeFree_CLINVAR |
Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | CLINVAR |
Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.005819831 | 5 | 2 | BeFree_GAD |
Cleft Lip | 0.005091382 | 2 | 0 | GAD_LHGDN |
Colorectal Cancer | 0.005081451 | 11 | 1 | BeFree_GAD |
Hypodontia | 0.003528744 | 13 | 0 | BeFree |
Malignant neoplasm of lung | 0.003181358 | 4 | 1 | BeFree_GAD |
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